Process of manufacturing incandescent mantles.



UNlTElD STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH SUSSMANN. OF BERLIN. GERMANY. ASSIGNOR TO DEL'TSCHE GASG'LUH- AHTIENGESELLECHAFT AUERGEEELLSCHAFT. 0F BERLIN. GERMANY, A

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING INCANDESCENT MANTLES.

Patented Mar. 1, 1010.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, l-lmxatcn Stissmuxx, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Berlin, Germany, have invented a certain new and useful improvement in Processes for ldannfacturin' lncaudert'ent Manties; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact dcacriptton of the invention, such as 'Ill enable others skilled 1n the art to which it appcr-.

tains to make and use the same.

The incandescent mantles for gas light are usually manufactured by imprepnattng the web, which (Ollhifilh of natural ti a-r.--- or artilicial threads with .-olutions of salt' of laminous earth and incinerating. For the intprcgnating process the nitrates are used nearly t'xclusit'ul By reason cf the fact, that these salts t ct'clop {rec nitric acid the fiber of the mantles not. yet incinerated is attacked and spoiled. Moreover, the det'elopu'u-nt of the nitric acid in the incinerating proce s of the mantles is Violent, that. the mantle becomes easily destroyed, it made oZartiticialthrcmls. 'lhisdestruction is uuich more aenaiblc than when natural tibcrs are employed. To avoid these diaadmntagcs it has been HUPOSAPtl to introduce the in N11,:- nated and dried mantlcain an alkaline iatth. By this proccaa the earths on the mantle are separated as hydroxtd and the nitric acid is i united with the alkali and both the acid and the alkali removed by washing.

The object of the present invention is to use organic bas s instead of alkalics to aeparate the earths from the impregnated mautle.

The invention is haacd on th .tnuwlrdgo that in the only the earths but nearly all ot serial No. 889,037.

than those of the alkalies. There is another advantage in employing organic bases viz. that by proper selection it is pow-ible to separate certain of the earths front the fiber and to leave others in solution. to-be' separated aft-erward by washing. In this manner it is possible to remove all trace of impurities or unsuitable earths which are n'cscnt in the impregnating solution. The urge surface of the web facilitates the removal by washing. When nain" alltalies,

the temoval of the un-autabie Httiistttltt'cfi is not pt-s-aible as the alkali precipitates not tcr nntttcr (impuriti s), so that they remain in the mantle. it is known that the impurities are cxirt-uwlt' dimuhtantageous in mantles in regard to the huniuoatty, and durability at; well a for the manufacture. In employing certain fabrics with thorium and cerium the pin-nonunion is obhcrt'ed, that notwithstanding tlw'trcatuicnt with ammonia the llmtlllt s-hrivcl up wry much during the procc-a of i1u-iucratimt and forming by means of compressed gases but when using the same organic fibers and treating them with organic ham; the alu-ircling is aua-h reduced. There are a uumhcr of organic bases well adapted for the purtmsc, c. 1 auilin, odolluidin, aylidiu, pyridin and many others or compound-1' of them.

it is preferable to use the aulntimr in a warm state for the purpose of ctl'et-ttng a complete aolntion.

The pmccdnrc under the present invention is as follows: 'ihc fabrics are in the known ntaunar saturated with solutions of the illulnnnui'actur: ol' ila'atulce cnt,

tuantlca by tueam of H'itttlltlllttl th lun|inoun earth from the we it in t-.-- utial to;

give to the precipitation a Arm-tun- :t.- touch and utucilagiaons as lltlafillltlt'. and that therefore mean-i which mrattthe. earths in an tllltUl'llHtilH and po verizcd state are not adapted for the purpo-tand that tho morc lllllllli: {lltfltln tln-v precipitation is the better will be the pit} -i -il .-lrn-Inrc ol the incandwwnt mantle.

Initiating: salts and then dried. 'lhcrtan on the fabrics are placed at the Pltt'llfllitltttfl medium, "the organic bane or the lahrica' are expmcd to the ra mr of tho bane and rcmain therein for a one time so that the chemical action can take place. During this action the acid, by which the lib? of the illniuinating Hill was held combined, ctnnlnnea with the organic base while the illuminating earth is left behind in insoluble condition. Salim-t neatly thereto the fabrics are waahcd in diddled water to remove the cxctma of the number of organic lm-"-' excellently adapted for the parp w l t itltn the produch of organic hamand also the soluble acida held combined hylhclatsc. .-\t'terthentat ttlmt are again drh-d they are ready for aaluag and "'"P 'lm e aaa itaginous t burning. For economical rusona a wlutton of theorganic bases in a suitable solvent, such as water or alcohol. may he employed in lieu of the liquid organic bases.

In an aqueous solution of p ridin, e. g. a I certain proportion of organic uses s necessary in order to maize the precipitation complete and to avoid having them again go into solution. In employing an aqueous solution of pyridin, 20% pyridin is the minimum limit. It is also possible to treat the impregmating mantles immediately after the inipregnation or after drying; with vapors of the organic buses. This has some advantages for economy since less separating matter is necessary than if the mantles were fully impregnuted with a liquid separating matter.

Instead of treating finished webs it is possible to impregnate the threads from which the webs are manufactured and to treat these in the way shown, the mantles bein after- Ward manufactured from the threats thus treated.

The recess may be done in such a way that on y one earth is so nratcd the other earths being embodied in t w mantle as soluhle salts, c. g. to manufacture mantles of thorium and cerium'aml nsin an organic i bath which sepamt s only the t lioi'iuin salts, I the fiber is first impregnated with thorium 1 seq-Isa salt and treated by the or nic bath and then the fiber is impregnate with a solution of a cerium salt.

\Vhatl claim is:

1. The process of manufacturing incandescent mantles, which consists in saturating the fabric composing the mantle, with saturated solutions of the salts of luminous metals; in-placin the fabric in the or nic base: and finally in washing the fabric in distilled water.

in exposing the fabric so saturated, to an organic base; and finally in washing the fabric in distilled water.

he foregoing specification signed at Herlin this twentieth day of July, 1907.

HEINRICH SUSSMANN. in presence of two witnesses:

ill-mar Hasiz'a, \Vomnuan liaur'r." 

